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MONOPHTHONG OR PURE VOWEL
A Monophthong is a pure vowel sound one whose articulation at both beginning and end is relatively fixed, and which does not glide up or down towards a new position of articulation .A VOWEL SOUND WHOSE QUALITY DOES NOT CHANGE OVER THE DURATION OF THE VOWEL IS CALLED A PURE VOWEL .
Pure vowels refer to the vowels that show no noticeable change of quality during their articulation. These sounds will be described here by using the following
three term labels -
(i) Part of the tongue raised,
(ii) The height of the that part of the tongue and
(iii) The position of the lips .
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MONOPHTHONG OR PURE VOWEL |
what is a diphthong types and illustration?
The following are the 12 pure vowels described in terms of the manners of articulation .
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MONOPHTHONG OR PURE VOWEL CHART |
(1) /i:/
Before explaining the sound, note the following // is not the small letter 'i', of the alphabet .It is a symbol representing a sound. So don't confuse
the phonemic symbols with letters of the alphabet .In order to differentiate them from letters,the symbols // are given.And the two dots in a symbol represent
length,we will understand that it is a long vowel .
In order to produce this sound ,you raise the front of the tongue in the direction of the hard palate to an almost close position.The lips are spread and
the tongue is tense when the sound is produced ,it is a long vowel produced with the lips in an unrounded position. Thus ,it is a front ,close ,unrounded vowels.
The vowel occurs at the initial ,medial and final position in words.
FOR EXAMPLE
INITIAL : EAT, EASE
MEDIAL : MEAT, LEAF
FINAL : TEA , SEA
(2) /I/
In order to produce this sound ,you raise the centre of the tongue in the direction of the hard palate to a position between close and half close with the lips
loosely spread it is a front,unrounded vowels between close and half close. it occurs initially ,medially and finally in a word.
FOR EXAMPLE -
INITIAL : INN , INCH
MEDIAL : BIT, RICH
FINAL : CITY,LADY
(3) /e/
While articulating this sound,you raise the front of the tongue between half close and half open position with the lips loosely spread,It is a front unrounded
vowels between half close and half openpositions. The vowel occurs only initially and medially ina word ,
FOR EXAMPLE
INITIAL : ANY,END
MEDIAL : MANY,HEAD
FOR MORE PHONETICS NOTES CLICK HERE
(4) /a:/
While articulating this sound , the mouth is slightly more open than for // . The front of the tongue is raised just below the half open position with the lips
neutral ;it is a front unrounded vowel just below the half open position.
FOR EXAMPLE
INITIAL - APPLE , AND
MEDIAL - HAND , FAN
(5) /^/
While articulating this vowel you raised the centre of the tongue to a position between open and half open with the lips neutral.It is a central unrounded
vowel between open and half open position occuring onlyinitially and medially in a word.
FOR EXAMPLE -
INITIAL - UP, UTTER,
MEDIAL - CUP , HUT
(6) /ae/
While articulating this sound , the back of the tongue is in the fully open position while the lips are neutral ; it is a back , open ,unrounded vowel occurimg
,initially ,medially and finally in a word.
FOR EXAMPLE -
INITIAL - ASK, AUNT
MEDIAL - CAR, PASS
FINALLY - FAR , BAR (FINAL 'r' is not pronounced .
(7) /o'/
while articulating this vowel , the back of the tongue is raised in the direction of the soft palate and it is in a fully opens position.
the lips are rounded . Hence it is a back , open rounded, vowel occuring initially and medially in a word .
FOR EXAMPLE -
INITIAL - ODD,OFF
MEDIAL - COT,ROCK
(8) /):/
While articulating this vowel the back of the tongue is raised towards the soft palate to a height between half close and half open position .with lips rounded ,it is a back
rounded vowel between half close and half open position occuring in all three position.
FOR EXAMLPE -
INITIAL - ALL,OUGHT
MEDIAL - COURT , BOARD
FINAL - DOOR , BONE
(9) /u /
While articulating this sound the tongue moves to a position between close and half close with the lips loosely spread, it is a centralized back vowel between close and
half close position occuring only medially and finally in a word .
FOR EXAMPLE-
MEDIAL - BOOK,LOOK
FINAL - TO,YOU
(10) /u:/
While articulating this vowel , you raise the back of the tongue in the direction of the soft palate almost to a close position with the lips closely rounded. it is a back ,
close , rounded vowel occuring in all three positions.
FOR EXAMPLE -
INITIAL - OOZE
MEDIAL - FOOL , SOON
FINAL - TWO , SHOE
(11) /3: /
While articulating this vowel you raised the central of the tongue in the direction of the roof of the mouth where the hard and soft palate meet to a position between half close and half open
The lips are neutral . This is a central unrounded vowel between half close and half open position and occurs in all positions .
FOR EXAMPLE -
INITIAL - EARN , EARTH
MEDIAL - LEARN , CURL
FINAL -FUR, SIR
(12) /0/
while articulating this sound the centre of the tongue is raised to position between half close and half open position. The lips are neutral , non-final ,this vowel
is a central , unrounded vowel between half close and half open position whereas in word final position , it is a central ,half open , unrounded vowel, it occurs in all position .
FOR EXAMPLE -
INITIAL - ABOUT, ABOVE
MEDIAL - PURPOSE , CIRCUS
FINAL - FATHER , MOTHER.
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